For Families


Warning: Declaration of KDGlossaryController::display($cachable = false) should be compatible with Joomla\CMS\MVC\Controller\BaseController::display($cachable = false, $urlparams = Array) in /home/forfamilies/public_html/components/com_kdglossary/controller.php on line 18
Common genealogical document abbreviations

&

&c.
(Latin, et cetera) meaning "and so forth" or "and also"

*

*.
born, birthdate

+

+.
dead, deathdate, married to, Symbolic of an Episcopal or Catholic Priest.

1

1C.
first cousin (2c, second cousin, etc.)
1R.
once removed (2r, twice removed, etc.)

@

@.
at

a

a.
about; age; aged; acre; aunt; (Latin "ante") meaning "before"
a.a.r.
against all risks
a.c.
attested copy, account current
a.k.a.
also known as
a.l.s.
autographed letter signed
a.o.
account of
a.w.c.
letters of administration with will and codicil annexed
aas.
(Latin, anno aetatis suae) pronounced an-oh i-tey-tis soo-ee, it means in the year of his or her age.
abbr.
abbreviation
abd.
abdicated
abr.
abridged, abridgment
abs.
abstract
abstr.
abstract
abt.
about
acad.
academy
acc.
according to, account, accompanied
acco.
account
accu.
accurate
ackd.
acknowledged
actg.
acting
adj.
adjoining, adjutant, adjourned
adm.
admission, admitted
admin.
administration, administrator
admr.
administration
admx.
administratrix
ads.
(Latin, ad sectam) meaning "at the suit of"
ae/aet.
about the age of
afas.
aforesaid
afft.
affidavit
aft.
after
ald.
alderman
alleg.
allegiance
als.
alias
altm.
at liberty to marry (Quaker)
anc.
ancestry, ancestor, ancient
annot.
annotated
ano.
another
anon.
anonymous
ant.
antiquary, antonym
antiq.
antiquary, antiquities, antiquity, antiquarian
apd.
attending places of diversion; appointed; appealed (Quaker)
app.
apprentice, aprpoximately, appendix, appointed
appon clam.
(Latin, apponit clamium) meaning "he or she stands by, joins or supports the claim"
appr.
appraisment
apprd.
apprised, appeared
approx.
approximately
apptd.
appointed
appx.
appendix
apt.
appointed
ar. co.
artillery company
arr.
arrived; arranged
ascert.
ascertain, ascertained
asgd.
assigned
asr.
assessor
assn.
association
asso.
associated, associate
assoc.
association
att.
attached to, attended (Quaker)
atty.
attorney
au.
gold
aud.
auditor

A

AAONMS.
Ancient Arabic Order of the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine
AASP
American Antiquarian Society Proceedings
AASR.
Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite (of Freemasons)
AASRFM.
Ancient & Accepted Scottish Rite of Freemasonry
AB.
Bachelor of Arts
Abp.
Archbishop
AC
Ante Christum, ancestor chart
ACW.
American Civil War
AD.
(Latin, Anno Domini) translates to "in the year of our Lord". It is used to represent the number of years since the birth of Christ. For example; 2011 AD or Annon Domini 2011 means "in the year of our Lord 2011" which is intended to mean 2011 years since the birth of Christ. However, the AD/BC calendaring system was based on a sixth-century estimate for the year in which Jesus was conceived or born. This year numbering system was devised by the monk Dionysius Exiguus in the year 525 to replace the Diocletian years because he did not wish to continue the memory of a tyrant who persecuted Christians. He attempted to number years from an event he referred to as the Incarnation of Jesus. Scholars today generally agree that he miscalculated the year of Christ's birth with most scholars placing the event in what would today be numbered 4 BC.
AdCl
adopted child
AdD.
adopted daughter
Admon.
letters of administration (related to British wills)
AdS
adopted son
AEOS.
Ancient Egyptian Order of Sciots (Masons)
AF&AM.
Ancient, Free, & Accepted Masons
AF.
Ancestral File database maintained by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints
AFAM.
Ancient Free and Accepted Mason
AFRA.
American Family Records Association
AG.
Accredited Genealogist (FHL credential)
Ag. Lab.
Agricultural Labourer (British censuses)
AGBU.
Armenian General Benevolent Union
AGLL.
American Genealogical Lending Library
AGRA.
Association of Genealogists and Record Agents (Professional)
AHOJB.
Ancient and Honorable Order of the Jersey Blues
AIF.
Australian Imperial Forces
AIS.
Accelerated Indexing System
AISB.
Ancient Illuminated Seers of Bavaria
AL
American Legion
AM.
Master of Arts, Latin, anno mundi meaning year of the world, Latin, ante meridiem meaning before noon
Am. Rev.
American Revolution, American War for Independence
AMINDEX.
Index of emigrants from British Isles to USA and West Indies
AMORC.
Ancient Mystic Order Rosae Crucis
AMOS.
Ancient Mystic Order of Samaritans (Odd Fellows)
AMVETS.
American Veterans
AOB.
Air Order of Battle
AOD.
Ancient Order of Druids
AODC.
Ancient Order of Degree Coopermen
AOF.
Ancient Order of Foresters
AOH.
Ancient Order of Hibernians
AOP
American Order of Pioneers
AOUW.
Ancient Order of United Workmen
Ap
apprentice
APCWS.
Association for the Preservation of Civil War Sites
APG.
Association of Proferssional Genealogists, headquartered in Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
APJI
Association for Protection of Jewish Immigrants
App. Div.
Appelate division
AQM.
Assistant Quartermaster (US Civil War)
AQRS.
Assistant Quartermaster Remount Service (US Civil War)
AR.
Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists, Frederick Weis
AR7.
AR above, Seventh Edition (current)
ARC.
American Red Cross
ARSS.
Antiquariorum Regiae Societatis Socius (Fellow of the Royal Society of Antiquaries)
ASCII.
American Standard Code for Information Interchange a type of file on a computer that is usually readable / writable by most word processors
ASFD.
American Society of Freedmen's Descendants
ASG
American Society of Genealogists
ASN.
Army Serial Number
Asst
assistant
At.
Attendant
AWOL.
Absent Without Leave (military)

B

B-i-l.
brother in law
B.
born; baptized; black; Negro
B.B.
Bail Bond
B.L.W
Bount Land Warrant
B.M.
Bench Mark, British Museum
B.S.
in court records, Bill of Sale
B.T.
Bishop's Transcripts
BA.
Bachelor of Arts
BACSA.
British Association for Cemeteries in South Asia
BALH.
British Association for Local History
BAR.
Brigade of the American Revolution
BARE.
Benefit Association of Railway Employees
BBoy
bound boy
BBS.
Bulletin Board System Phone dial up connection for PC's.
BC.
(Before Christ) . It is used to represent the number of years before the birth of Christ. For example; 2011 BC is intended to mean 2011 years prior to the birth of Christ. However, the AD/BC calendaring system was based on a sixth-century estimate for the year in which Jesus was conceived or born. This year numbering system was devised by the monk Dionysius Exiguus in the year 525 to replace the Diocletian years because he did not wish to continue the memory of a tyrant who persecuted Christians. He attempted to number years from an event he referred to as the Incarnation of Jesus. Scholars today generally agree that he miscalculated the year of Christ's birth with most scholars placing the event in what would today be numbered 4 BC or perhaps a few years earlier.
BCE
It is usually taken to mean "Before the Common Era" or "Before the Current Era" though some religous groups have recast it as "Before the Christian Era". All versions carry the same meaning as "BC" or "Before Christ". They are used to represent the number of years before the birth of Christ. For example; 2011 BCE or is intended to mean 2011 years prior to the birth of Christ. However, the CE/BCE calendaring system was based on a sixth-century estimate for the year in which Jesus was conceived or born. This year numbering system was devised by the monk Dionysius Exiguus in the year 525 to replace the Diocletian years because he did not wish to continue the memory of a tyrant who persecuted Christians. He attempted to number years from an event he referred to as the Incarnation of Jesus. Scholars today generally agree that he miscalculated the year of Christ's birth with most scholars placing the event in what would today be numbered 4 BCE or perhaps a few years earlier.
BCG
Board for Certification of Genealogists
BCR.
Battle Casualty Report
BG.
burial grounds
BGirl
bound girl
BIA
Bureau of Indian Affairs
BK.
Brother's Keeper, a genealogy computer program
Bl
brother-in-law
BL.
British Library
BLM
Bureau of Land Management, Bount Land Warrant
BMD.
Births, Marriages and Deaths
BMP.
Bit Mapped Picture a graphical file format of a computer disk file
BNL.
Brotherhood of the New Life
Bp.
Bishop; baptized
BPOE.
Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks
BT.
Bishop's Transcript (British parish registers)
BTW.
By The Way (electronic communication, in general)

b

b.d.
birth date
b.i.l.
brother-in-law
b.o.t.p.
both of this parish
bach.
bachelor
bap.
baptized, baptism
bapt.
baptized
bart.
baronet
batch.
bachelor
bcer
birth certificate
bd.
bound, buried
bdt.
birth date
bec.
because, became
bef.
before
beq.
bequest
bet.
between
biog.
biography
bish.
bishop
bks.
books, barracks
bndsmn.
bondsman
bo
bought, bottom
bot.
bought, bottom
bpl.
birthplace
bpt.
baptized
br-l.
brother-in-law
br.
brother
bro-i-l
brother-in-law
bro.
brother
bu.
buried
bur.
buried

C

C of A
Coat of Arms
C18.
Eighteenth century (etc.)
CAD.
(English) Descriptive Catalogue of Ancient Deeds
CAILS.
Certified American Indian Lineage Specialist (BCG credential)
CALS.
Certified American Lineage Specialist (BCG credential)
CANINDEX.
Index of emigrants from British Isles to Canada and Newfoundland
Cap.
captain, captured, captivity
CAR
National Society, Children of the American Revolution
CC
County Clerk, County Court, County Commissioner, Company Commander
CCP
Court of Common Pleas
CCR.
(English) Calendar of Close Roles
CD.
Compact Disk an optical disk used with some PC's to store lots of data.
CDA
Colonial Dames of America, Catholic Daughters of America
CDIB
Certified Degree of Indian Blood
CE
Common Era,Christian Era,Current Era, indicating the number of years since the birth of Christ
CFI.
Computer File Index (precursor of IGI)
CFR.
(English) Calendar of Fine Rolls
CG
Certified Genealogist
CG.
Certified Genealogist
CGI.
Certified Genealogical Instructor (BCG credential)
CGL.
Certified Genealogical Lecturer (BCG credential)
CGRS.
Certified Genealogical Record Searcher (BCG credential)
CH
Court House
Cha
chamber maid
CIG.
Computer Interest Group (electronic communication, in general)
CIM.
(English) Calendar of Inquisitions Miscellaneous
CIPM.
(English) Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem
CJ
County Judge
Cl
child
Cl. Cur.
Clerk of the Court
CMU.
Concrete Masonry Unit
CO
commanding officer, Colonial Office
Co.
county; company
Col.
Colonel (military rank)
CP & MR.
(English) Calendar of Plea and Memoranda Rolls
CP.
Compete Peerage, by G.E. Cokayne
CPAFUG.
a BBS operated by the Capital Personal Ancestral File Users Group strictly genealogy
CPR.
(English) Calendar of Patent Rolls
CRA
Church Records Archives
CRO.
County Record Office (British)
CRT.
Cathode Ray Tube old style picture tubes used in televisions and computer monitors. They are now obsolete having been replaced by various flat screen displays.
CSA
Confederate States of America
Ct. F.
Court Files
Ct. R.
Court Records
CVA.
Confederate Veterans of America
CW
Civil War (specifically in the USA, 1861-1865), church warden
CWSS.
Civil War Soldiers and Sailors

c

c, ca.
circa, about
c.
copyright, century, cousin, codicil, (Latin, circa) meaning "about" or "approximately", (Latin comitis) meaning "count"
c.r.
church report
c.s.
copy signed
c/o.
child of
ca.
(Latin, circa) meaning "about" or "approximately"
capt.
captain, captured, captivity
catal.
catalogue
cath.
cathedral
cem.
cemetery
cen.
census
cens.
census
cent.
century
cer.
certificate
cert.
certificate
cf.
confer
ch.
child; children; church; chief; chaplain; chapel; chapter
ch/o
child of
chan.
chancery
chldn.
children
chlw.
Cotton Loom Hand Worker
chm.
condemned his/her misconduct (Quaker)
chn.
children
chr.
christened, Christian, charter
chris.
christened
cir.
circa
civ.
civil
clk.
clerk
cod.
codicil
codd.
codices
coh.
co-heir
coll.
college, collections
com.
commissioner, commander, commentary, committee, common, commoner, communicate, companion
com/comp.
complained (Quaker)
comm.
commissioners, committee
comp.
company
con.
condemned (Quaker)
confer.
conferred
conject.
conjecture
cont.
continued
contr.
contract
corp.
corporal
couns.
counsellor
cous.
cousin
coven.
covenant
crspd.
correspond, correspondence
csn.
cousin, cousins
ct.
court, citation, county, count, certificate
cuz.
cousin

d

d'd.
deceased
d.
died, death, daughter, days, British pence
d. & coh.
daughter and coheiress
d. & h.
daughter and heiress
d. um.
died unmarried
d.s.
document signed, died single
d.s.p.
(Latin, descessit sine prole) meaning "died without issue" or "childless"
d.s.p.m.
(Latin, descessit sine prole mascula) meaning "died without male issue"
d.v.m.
(Latin, descessit victus matris) meaning "died while mother was living"
d.v.p.
(Latin, decessit victus patre) meaning "died while father was living"
d.y.
died young
d/o
daughter of
da.
daughter, day
dau-i-l
daughter-in-law
dau.
daughter
daugr
daughter
daus.
daughters
dbn.
From the Latin de bonis non meaning of no good
dea
deacon
deac.
deacon
dec'd.
deceased, dead
dec.
deceased, dead
decd.
deceased, dead
decis.
decision
degr.
degree
dep.
deputy, depot
dept.
department
desc.
descendant
devis.
devised
dil.
daughter-in-law
dio.
diocese
dis.
discharge, disowned, disowned for (Quaker)
discip.
discipline
dist.
distance, district
div.
divorce, divorced, division
dn.
deacon
do.
(Latin, ditto) meaning "same", the same as the previous entry
doc
document
docum.
document
dom.
domestic
dp.
dropped plain dress (Quaker)
dpl.
death place
dr.
doctor, dram, drinking to excess (Quaker)
drpd.
dropped (Quaker)
ds.
deaths, daughters
dsct.
descendant
dsp.
(Latin, decessit sine prole) meaning "died without issue"
dspl.
(Latin, decessit sine prole legitima) meaning "died without legitimate issue"
dspm.
(Latin, decessit sine prole malus) meaning "died without sons"
dspml.
(Latin, decessit sine prole malus legitima) meaning "died without legitimate sons"
dspms.
(Latin, decessit sine prole malus suivre) meaning "died without surviving sons"
dsps.
(Latin, decessit sine prole suivre) meaning "died without surviving issue"
dt's.
delirium tremens
dt.
date, daughter, daughters
dtd.
dated
dto.
ditto
dtr.
daughter
dum.
died unmarried
dvm.
(Latin, decessit vita matris) meaning
dvp.
(Latin, decessit vita patris) meaning

D

D-i-l.
daughter in law
DA
District Attorney
DAB
Dictionary of American Biography
DAC
National Society of the Daughters of the American Colonists
DAR
Daughters of the American Revolution
DAV
Disabled American Veterans
DB
Domesday Book, deed book
DBE.
Daughters of the British Empire
DBF.
Data Base Files (specifically for dBASE III and dBase IV)
DC
District of Columbia, Deputy Clerk, Deputy County Clerk
DC.
District Court (USA)
DCG
Descendants of Colonial Governors
DCLI.
Duke of Cornwall's Light Infantry
DD.
Doctor of Divinity, minister
DDS.
Domesday Descendents, Doctor of Dental Surgery
DED.
Declared Dead (military)
DFA.
descent from antiquity which is taken to mean pre-medieval
DFPA
Daughters of Founders and Patriots of America
DLI.
Durham Light Infantry
DMWVI.
Descendants of Mexican War Veterans
DOB.
Date of birth
DOCS.
Documents / Documentations
DOD.
Date of death
DOK.
Daughters Of the King
DOS.
Disk Operating System an early supervisory copmputer program that has been superceded by various graphical operating systems like Microsoft Windows.
DOW.
Died of Wounds (military)
DR
Daughter of the Revolution; Diocesan Registry
DRO.
Diocesan Record Office (British)
DRT.
Daughters of the Republic of Texas
DUP.
Daughters of the Utah Pioneers; duplicate entry
DVA.
Department of Veterans Affairs
DVF
Society of the Descendants of Washington's Army at Valley Forge

e

e.
ease, earl
e.g.
(Latin, exempli gratia) meaning "for example"
easi.
easily
ecux.
executrix, a female executor
ed.
edited, edition, editor
educ.
education, educated
eld.
eldest
end.
endorsed (Quaker)
eno.
enough
ens.
ensign
ensu.
ensuing
esq.
esquire
est.
estate, established
establ.
establishment
estd.
estimated
et al.
(Latin, et ali, et alae, et alia) meaning "and others"
et. vir.
(Latin, et vir) meaning "and man" or "and husband". Commonly used in legal documents to signify an unidentified husband.
etc.
(Latin, et cetera) meaning "and so forth" or "and also"
ex.
executor, executrix
exc.
except, excellency, excepted, exchange
exec.
executor
exor.
executor
exox.
executrix
exr.
executor
exs.
executors
extx.
executrix
exx.
executrix

E

E.D.
Enumeration District
EBCDIC.
A computer data file format most often used on IBM mainframes.
EM.
Enlisted member (military)
Emp
employee
En
engineer
Eng.
England
ENHA.
East Anglia National Heritage Area
Eod
(Latin, Eodem) meaning "at the same place or time". Used like ditto or do.
ES.
Europ
ETO.
European Theater of Operations (military)
EUS.
Evacuated to the U.S. (military)

F

F&AM.
Free and Accepted Masons
F-i-l.
father in law
F.A.
Field Artillery
F.B.
Family Bible
FAAO.
Fellow of the American Academy of Osteopathy
FACC.
Fellow of the American College of Cardiology
FACCE.
Fellow of the American College of Childbirth Educators
FACD.
Fellow of the American College of Dentists
FACE.
Fellow of the American College of Endocrinology
FACEP.
Fellow of the American College of Emergency Physicians
FACFAS.
Fellowship of American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons
FACP.
Fellow of the American College of Physicians
FACS.
Fellow American College of Surgeons
FaH
farm hand
FAQ.
Frequently Asked Questions
FARC
Federal Archives and Records Centers (branches of the National Archives )
FAS.
Fellow of the Antiquarian Society
FASG.
Fellow of the American Society of Genealogists
FaW
farm worker
FBG.
Friends burial ground
FE.
Family Edge genealogy software program
FF's
First Families
FFHS.
Federation of Family History Societies (British) Benson Room,Birmingham & Midland Institute,Margaret Street Birmingham,B3 3BS,UK
FFV
First Families of Virginia
FGRA
Family Group Record Archives
FGRA.
Family Group Record Archives
FGS
Federation of Genealogical Societies, family group sheet
FHC.
Family History Center (LDS satellite centers)
FHL.
Family History Library (LDS main library in Salt Lake City Utah)
FHLC.
Family History Library Catalog
FHS.
Family History Society also Family History System, a program by Phillip E. Brown
Fi
fireman
FIGRS.
Fellow of the Irish Genealogical Research Society
FL
father-in-law
FLT.
Friendship Love & Truth (on tombstones -- see also IOOF & IORM)
FM
foster mother
FNGS.
Fellow of the National Genealogical Society
FNHC.
Founders of the New Haven Colony
FoE.
Fraternal Order of Eagles
FOIA.
Freedom of Information Act
FOP.
Fraternal Order of Police (USA)
FR
Family Registry
FRACP.
Fellow of the Royal Australasian College of Physicians
FRAM.
Fellow of the Royal Academy of Music
FRCP.
Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians
FRCPE.
Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh
FRCSI.
Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons of Ireland
Frds.
Friends (Quaker)
FRS.
Fellow of the Royal Society
FSA.
Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries
FSG.
Fellow of the Society of Genealogists
FTM.
Family Tree Maker genealogy program from Banner Blue Software
FTP.
File Transfer Protocol used primarily to transfer files over the internet
FTW.
Family Tree Maker for Windows (software)
FUGA.
Fellow of the Utah Genealogical Association
FWIW.
For What It's Worth (electronic communication in general)
FYI.
For Your Information (electronic communication in general)

f

f.
father, female, folio, feast, feet, farm, following
f.e.
for example
f.inl
father-in-law
f.m.
free mulato, (Latin, feodum militis) meaning "knight's fee"
f.n.
free negro
fa.
father
fam.
family
father-in-l
father-in-law
ff.
following (pages), foster father
fidel.
fidelity
fil.
father-in-law
fl.
(Latin, flourit) meaning "he lives"
fmc.
free man of color
fo.
folio
foll.
following; followed
form.
formerly
fpc.
free person of color, neither Caucasian nor enslaved
fr.
from
freem.
freeman, freemen
ft.
foot, fort
fwc.
free woman of color
fwf.
free white female
fwm.
free white male

g

g.
grand, great
g.r.
grave record
g.s.
grave stone
g.s.w.
gun shot wound
gc.
granted certificate (Quaker)
gch. or gcl
grandchildren
gct.
granted certificate to (Quaker)
gdn.
guardian
geb.
(German, geboren) meaning
gen.
general
gent.
gentleman
gest.
(German, gestorben) meaning
giv.
given, giving
gl.
granted letter
glt.
granted letter to
gm.
grandmother
godf.
godfather
godm.
godmother
govt.
government
gp.
grandparents
gr dau.
granddaughter
gr s.
grandson
gr.
grand, great, grant, graduate
grf.
grandfather
grmo.
grandmother
grs.
grandson
gt. gr.
great grand

G

G.B.
Great Britain
GA
great aunt
GAOTU.
Great Architect of the Universe (Freemason Word)
GAR
Grand Army of the Republic
GARD.
acronym for Gateway Ancestor of Royal Descent
GCVO.
Grand Cross of the (Royal) Victorian Order (knight)
GD.
granddaughter
GED.
A computer data file format for exchanging genalogical data, a computer program by Dollarhide Systems for indexing sources.
GEDCOM
GEnealogical Data COMmunication
GENEALOG.
Genealogy storage of textual help files on ROOTS-L
GF
grandfather
GGF
great-grandfather
GGGF
great-great-grandfather
GGGM
great-great-grandmother
GGM
great-grandmother
GH
Genelaogical Helper
GIF.
A format to hold images on a computer disk file
GIM.
Genealogical Information Manager
GLC
Genealogical Library Catalog
GLO
General Land Office
Go.
governess
GOONS.
Guild Of One Name Studies
GPAI
Genealogical Periodical Annual Index
Gr.Yd.
grave yard
GRB.
General Reference Book
GRD.
Genealogical Research Directory
GRO.
General Registry Office (St Catherine's House, British)
GS.
grandson
GSDS.
Genealogy Software Distribution System
GSSR.
General Society, Sons of the Revolution
GSW 1812
General Society of the War of 1812
Gt. Br.
Great Britain
GTT
Gone to Texas
GU
great uncle
Gua
guardian

h

h.
husband; heir; heiress; hour
h/o.
husband of
hdgrs.
headquarters
her.
heraldry
hers.
herself
hims.
himself
hist.
historian
hon.
honorable
hon. dis.
honorably discharged
honor.
honorary
honora.
honorably
hund.
hundred
hus.
husband

H

HEIC
Honourable East India Company
HF.
handfast
Hh
hired hand
Hk
housekeeper
HLI.
Highland Light Infantry, Herefordshire Light Infantry
HM.
His or Her Majesty, hired man
HMS
Her or His Majesty's Service or Ship
HMSO.
Her Majesty's Stationery Office (British)
HOSJG.
Hospitaller Order of St. John of God
HSA
Huguenot Society of America

i

i.
island
ibid.
(Latin, ibidem) meaning "in the same place" or "same reference"
ign.
ignorant
illus.
illustrated
imp.
importation
inc.
incorporated, incomplete
incl.
included, inclusive, including
inf.
infant, infancy, infantry, informed
info.
information
inh.
inherited
inhab.
inhabitant
inq.
inquiry
ins.
insert
inst.
(Latin, inst) meaning "of the current month" , institute, institution
int.
intentions; interested; interred; intestate meaning without a will; intention of marriage (a public notice of an upcoming marriage)
inv.
inventory
inv. orinvt.
inventory
ipm.
(Latin, inquisition post mortem) meaning "an after-death inventory of one's holdings"

I

IGI
International Genealogical Index
IGS.
Irish Genealogical Society
IHGS.
Institute of Heraldic and Genealogical Studies
IIGS.
International Internet Genealogical Society
ILL.
Inter Library Loan
IMHO.
In My Humble Opinion ( electronic communication, in general)
IMNSHO.
In My Not So Humble Opinion ( electronic communication, in general)
Ind.
Indians
Ind. T.
Indian Territory
Ind. Ter.
Indian Territory
Ind. W.C.
Indian Widow's Certificate United States army veterans of Inddian Wars that occured from 1817 to 1868 were eligible to receive pensions for claims dating from 1892 to 1926. The claims are classified as Indian survivors, originals, Indian survivors’ certificates, Indian widows’ originals, and Indian widows’ certificates. These files are indexed, and the microfilmed indexes are available at various libraries throughout the United States. The original pension files are located at the United States National Archives.
IND.S.C.
Indian Survivors' Certificates United States army veterans of Inddian Wars that occured from 1817 to 1868 were eligible to receive pensions for claims dating from 1892 to 1926. The claims are classified as Indian survivors, originals, Indian survivors’ certificates, Indian widows’ originals, and Indian widows’ certificates. These files are indexed, and the microfilmed indexes are available at various libraries throughout the United States. The original pension files are located at the United States National Archives.
IOF.
Independent Order of Foresters
IOGT.
Independent Order of Good Templars
IOJD.
International Order of Job's Daughters (freemason)
IOOF.
Independent Order of Odd Fellows (fraternal organization)
IOR.
Independent Order of Rechabites
IORG.
International Order of the Rainbow for Girls (freemasonry)
IORM.
Improved Order of Red Men
IOUAM.
Improved Order of United American Mechanics
IRAD.
Illinois Regional Archive Depository
IRC.
International Reply Coupon
ISBN.
International Standard Book Number
ISO.
In Search Of
ISSN.
International Standard Serial Number
IVRH.
International Vital Records Handbook

j

j.
joined (Quaker)
j.m.
(Latin, jure matris) meaning "in the right of one's mother"
j.u.
(Latin, jure uxoris) meaning "in the right of one's wife"
jas.
joined another society (Quaker)
jd.
jonge dochter/ young daughter (Dutch)
jm.
jonge man / young man (Dutch)
jr.
junior
jud.
judicia, judicious
judic.
judicia, judicious
junr.
junior
jur.
(French, jurat) meaning "The name given to the clause at the foot of an affidavit showing when, where, and before whom the actual oath was sworn or affirmation was made.["

J

JA
Judge Advocate
JNH
Journal of Negro History
JP.
Justice of the Peace

k

k.
killed, king
kn.
known
knt.
knight

K

KB.
Knight of Bath
KC.
Knights of Columbus, Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath
KCSG.
Knight Commander of the Order of St Gregory
KG.
Knight of the Garter, Knight Companion of the Order of the Garter
KGE.
Knights of the Golden Eagle
KIA.
Killed in Action (military)
KIPC.
Killed in Plane Crash (military)
KLH.
Knight of the Legion of Honour; Knights and Ladies of Honor
KNB.
Killed non-battle (military)
KOSB.
The King's Own Scottish Borderers
KOTM.
Knights of the Maccabees
KOYLI.
The King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry
KP.
Order of Knights of Pythias
KSLI.
The King's Shropshire Light Infantry
KT.
Knight of the Order of the Thistle
KUV.
(German, Kranken Unterst

l

l.
license, law, lodger
l.e.
local elder in a church
l.p.
local preacher
la
laborer
labr.
laborer
lb.
pound
ld.
land, lord
ldr.
leader
leg.
legacy, legatee
li.
lived, living
lib.
library
lic.
license
lieut.
lieutenant
liv.
lived, living
liv. abt.
lived about
lnd.
land
lpms.
(Latin, legitimatio per matrimonium subsequens) meaning "legitimisation by subsequent matrimony"
lprp.
(Latin, legitimatio per rescriptum principis) meaning "legitimisation by prince's rescript"
lt.
lieutenant
ltd.
limited
ltm.
liberated to marry
lvd.
lived
lvg.
living

L

LAN.
Local Area Network a group of computers connected to allow file sharing
Lat.
Latin
Lau
launderer
LBC
Letter Book Copy
LC.
Library of Congress
LCBA.
Loyal Christian Benefit Association
LCCN.
Library of Congress Card Number
LDS.
The Chuch of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints also known as the Mormons
LGAR.
Ladies of the Grand Army of the Republic
LL.
LifeLines, a genealogy program for UNIX
LLB.
Bachelor of Laws
LLD.
Doctor of Laws
LLM.
Master of Laws
LOC.
Location (rarely, Library of Congress)
LOCIS.
Library of Congress Information System
LOI.
The Grand Orange Lodge of Ireland
LOOM.
Loyal Order Of Moose
LS.
(Latin, locus sigilli) meaning "where a seal is placed"
LWA.
Lightly Wounded in Action (military)

M

M-i-l.
mother in law
M.
male; married; month
MA.
Master of Arts
MARC-AMC.
A labeling convention for on-line library catalogs
MC.
Member of Council (King's); Member of Congress
MCA
Microfilm Corporation of America
MCC
Microfilm Card Catalog
MCD
Municipal Civil District, minor civil division (Census Soundex)
MD
Doctor of Medicine, Middle Dutch
Mex. S.C.
Mexican Survivors' Certificates
Mex. S.O.
Mexcian Survivorr's Originals
Mex. W.C.
Mexican Widows' Certificate
MG
Minister of the Gospel
MH.
meeting house
MHG
Middle High German. It is the term used for the period in the history of the German language between 1050 and 1350. It is preceded by Old High German and followed by Early New High German. In some uses, the term covers a longer period, going up to 1500.
MI.
Monumental (or Memorial) Inscription
MIA
Missing in Action (military)
Mild
Mildred
MIY.
in Census, married in that year
ML
mother-in-law
MLG
Middle Low German, a language that is the descendant of Old Saxon and is the ancestor of modern Low German. It served as the international lingua franca of the Hanseatic League. It was spoken from about 1100 to 1600.
MLW
Military Land Warrant
MM
Monthly Meeting of Society of Friends being a logcal congregation of a religious group also known as Quakers
MOLLUS.
Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States
MOPH.
Military Order of the Purple Heart
MOWW.
Military Order of World Wars
MQ
Mayflower Quarterly
Mr.
Mister
Mrs.
Mistress
Mu.
mulatto, person with one Caucasian and one Negro parent
MWA.
Modern Woodmen of America

m

m-in-l
mother-in-law
m.bn.
marriage banns
m.h.
meeting house
m.i.
monument inscription
m.o.
mustered out
m/1
married first
m/2
married second
m/3
married third
m/4
married fourth
m/5
married fifth
mag.
magistrate
maj.
major
mak.
making
mat.
maternal
mbr.
member
mbrp.
membership
mcd.
married contrary to Discipline (Quaker)
md.
married
mem.
member, membership, memorials, memoir
ment.
mentioned
messrs.
plural of mister
mil
military
milit.
military
min.
minister
mnth.
month
mo.
mother, month
mors.
death, corpse
mos.
months; married out of society (Quaker)
mou.
married out of unity (Quaker)
mov.
moved
ms.
manuscript
mss.
manuscripts
mt.
married to
mtg.
meeting, mortgage
mvd.
moved
my/d
my daughter

n

n.
nephew, name, north
n.d.
no date
n.p.
no place
n.pub.
no publisher given
n.x.n.
no christian name
n/a.
not available, not applicable, unknown
na.
naturalized, not applicable, not attending meeting (Quaker)
nam.
named
nbr.
neighbor
nd.
no date, not dated
neg att.
neglecting attendance (Quaker)
neph-i-l
nephew-in-law
neph.
nephew
nfi
no further information
nfk
nothing further known
nfr.
no further record
ng.
not given
nm.
name, never married
nmed.
named
nmn.
no middle name
not.
noted
np.
no page (or publisher) given
nunc.
nuncupative meaning a will or testament declared orally as opposed to in writing especially by a mortally wounded soldier or sailor

N

N.B.
(Latin, note bene) meaning "note well" or
N.E.
New England, North Eeast
N.H.
New Hampshire
N.W.
North West
NA
The United States National Archives in Washington, D.C., Native American
NARA
The United States National Archives and Records Administration
NARS
National Archives and Record Service
NAT.
North African Theater (military)
NATF.
National Archives Trust Fund
NATO.
North African Theater of Operations (military, WW2)
NCWA.
National Civil War Association (USA)
NEH
National Endowment for the Humanities
NEHGR
New England Historic Genealogical Register published by the NEHGS
NEHGS
New England Historic Genealogical Society
NFMP.
National Fraternity of Military Pilots
NGC.
National Genealogical Conference
NGS
National Genealogical Society, National Geographical Society
NGS.
National Geographical Society
NGS/CIG.
A computer bulletin board system operated by the National Genealogical Society's Computer Interest Group strictly about genealogy
NGSQ.
National Genealogical Society Quarterly
NHPRC
National Historical Publications and Records Commission
Ni
niece
NLW.
National Library of Wales
NN.
(Latin, nomen nescio) meaning "not named" or "name unknown"
NOB.
Naval Order of Battle
NOK.
Next of Kin (military)
NP
Notary Public
NR.
not reported (Census Soundex)
NS
New Style (Gregorian) calendar also known as the "Western calendar", or "Christian calendar". It is currently the internationally accepted civil calendar. It was introduced by Pope Gregory XIII, after whom the calendar was named, by a decree signed on 24 February 1582. The Gregorian claendar recognizes January 1 as the first day of the year; Nova Scotia
NSCDA
National Society of the Colonial Dames of America
NSDAR
National Society of the Daughters of the American Revolution
NSSDP.
National Society Sons and Daughters of the Pilgrims
Nu
nurse
NUCMC
National Union Catalog of Manuscript Colletions
NW. Terr.
North West Territory
NWC
Navy Widow's Certificate

o

o.
oath, officer, old
o.c.
only child
o.p.
out of print
o.s.p.
died without offspring
o.t.p.
of this parish (British records)
o/s.
opposite side, as in grave recording
ob c
(Latin, obiit caelebs) meaning "died a bachelor"
ob.
(Latin, obiit) meaning "died" or (Latin obdormio) which translates as "fell asleep" but often also means "died"
obit.
obituary, died
occ.
occupation
off.
official
offic.
official
oft.
often
ord.
ordained, ordinance, order, ordinary
org.
organization
orig.
origin, original
osp.
(Latin, obiit sine prole) meaning "died without issue"
ou.
out of unity (Quaker)

O

O.B.
Order Book
O.E.
Old England, Old English
O.S.
Old Style, as in Old Style Date
OA.
Order of the Arrow (Boy Scouts)
OBE.
Order of the British Empire
OBLI.
Ox and Bucks Light Infantry
OC.
Order of Canada
OCLC.
Online Computer Library Center
OES.
Order of the Eastern Star
OHC.
Order of the Holy Cross
OLUC.
OnLine Union Catalog
OM
Organized Militia
OM.
Ordained Minister; Order of Merit
OMM.
Order of Military Merit
OP.
Order of Preachers (Roman Catholicism; Dominican)
OPAC
Online Public Access Catalogs
OPCS
Office of Population Censuses and Surveys (British)
OPR
Old Parochial Records (for Scotland, kept in the Scottish Registry office)
OS
Old Style, Old Style or "Julian" calendar. The Julian calendar began in 45 BC (709 AUC) as a reform of the Roman calendar by Julius Caesar. It was chosen after consultation with the astronomer Sosigenes of Alexandria. Evidence indicates it was designed to approximate the tropical year. The original Julian calendar began its year on 1 January though the recognized first day of the year changed a number of times over the centuries to include, 29 August, 30 August, 1 September, 23 September, 25 December, 1 March and 25 March.
OSA.
Order of St. Anne; Ordinis Sancti Augustini (of the order of St. Augustine)
OSB.
Order of St. Benedict
OSIA.
Order of the Sons of Italy in America
OSL.
Order of St. Luke the Physician
OSM.
Order of Servants of Mary
OSSB.
Order of the Star Spangled Banner
OUAM.
Order of United American Mechanics

p

p.
(Latin, post) meaning "after, behind, afterwards, presently or shortly", page
p.a.
power of attorney
p.r.
parish record
p.v.
prorare vexilla, patriotically
pam.
pamphlet
par.
parish, parent, parents
pat.
patent, patented, paternal
pchd.
purchased
peo.
people
perh.
perhaps
petitn.
petition
petn.
petition
petr.
petitioner
pg.
page
pion.
pioneer
plt.
plantiff
pp.
pages
pr.
proved, probated, prisoner, prince, princess
prc.
produced a certificate (Quaker)
preced.
preceding
prob.
probable, probably
prop.
property
propr.
proprietor(s)
provis.
provision
prsh.
parish
pt.
point, port, petition, pint
ptf.
plaintiff
pub.
public, published, publisher, publication
pvt.
private
pymt.
payment

P

P.M.
(Latin, post meridiem) meaning "after mid day", afternoon, Post Mortem, after death, Police Magistrate
P.O.
Post Office
P.S.
Patriotic Service
Pa
partner
Pa.
papers submitted as in naturalization papers
PAC.
Public Access Catalog same as OPAC.
PAF.
Personal Ancestry File computer program from the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints
PBA.
Patrolman's Benevolent Association
PCC.
Prerogative Court of Canterbury (English wills)
PCX.
A format to hold image information on a computer disk file
PCY.
Prerogative Court of York (English wills)
PE
Presiding Elder
PH.
The Order of Patrons Of Husbandry (Grange)
PhD.
Doctor of Philosophy
PI
Preliminary Inventories
PILI.
(Filby's) Passenger Lists and Immigration Index
PJP
Probate Judge of the Peace
PLAV.
Polish Legion of American Veterans
PLB
Poor Law Board
PM.
preparative meeting (Quaker)
POA
Power of Attorney
POE
Port of Entry
Por
porter
POSA.
Patriotic Sons of America
PPA
per power of Attorney
PRO.
Public Records Office (British)
PRONI.
Public Records Office of Northern Ireland
Pu
pupil

Q

Q.
Queen
Qkr.
Quaker
QM.
quarter master (military), quarterly meeting (Quaker)
QOCH.
Queen's Own Cameron Highlanders

q

q.s.
(Latin, quod suivre) meaning "which follows"
q.v.
(Latin, quod vide) meaning "which see"
q.y.
query

R

R.
Range, Rabbi, River, Road
R.C.
Roman Catholic
R.G.
Record Group (used in archives)
RCA.
Railway Carmen of America
RCJ.
Rogationists Cordis Jesu (formal name for Rogationists a Roman Catholic Order of Men)
RD
release of dower rights
Rds.
records
Reg. Gen.
Registrar General
REUNION.
Genealogy program
Rev. War
Revolutionary War
RG
Registered Genealogist
RGLI.
Royal Guernsey Light Infantry
RHF.
Royal Highland Fusiliers
RIII.
Roots III (ROOTS3) genealogy software program (TM) (Comsoft, Inc)
RIP
(Latin, requiescat in pace) meaning "rest in peace"
RJLI.
Royal Jersey Light Infantry
RMC.
Returned to Military Control (Military)
RMLI.
Royal Marine Light Infantry
RNA.
Royal Neighbors of America
Rom.
Roman
ROOTS-L.
a mailing list of subscribers who are interested in genealogy
RQM.
Regimental Quartermaster (US Civil War)
RR
railroad
RSF.
The Royal Scots Fusiliers
RSL.
Karen's Roots Surname List
RSN.
Real Soon Now
RSOF.
Religious Society Of Friends (Quakers)
RTD.
Returned to Duty (military)
RTT.
Royal Templars of Temperance
RUC.
Royal Ulster Constabulary
RW.
Revolutionary War (USA)

r

rat.
rated
rcd.
recorded; received
rcdr.
recorder
rcpt.
receipt
re.
regarding
rec.
record; recorded; recorded a document; received
recrq.
received by request (Quaker)
reg.
register
rel-i-l
relative-in-law
rel.
relative, relict
reld.
relieved
relfc.
released from care of (Quaker)
relrq.
released by request (Quaker)
rem.
remove, removed
ren.
renunciation, renounced
rep.
report, representative, reprint, reprinted
repl.
replaced, replacement
repud.
repudiated
res.
research, residence, resides, resided
respectiv.
respectively
ret mbrp.
retained membership (Quaker)
ret.
retired, returned
rev.
reversed
rgstr.
registrar
rinq.
relinquished
rm(t).
reported married (to)
roc.
received on certificate (Quaker)
rocf.
received on certificate from (Quaker)
rol.
received on letter (Quaker)
rolf.
received on letter from (Quaker)
rpd.
reported
rqc.
requested certificate (Quaker)
rqct.
requested certificate to (Quaker)
rqcuc.
requested to come under care (Quaker)
rrq.
request, requests, requested
rst.
reinstate, reinstated (Quaker)

s

s'd
said
s.
son(s); soldier; survivor; spinster; successor; shilling; south; (French sire) lord; shilling (a unit of English money)
s. and h.
son and heir
s.j.
(Latin, suo jure) meaning "in one's own right"
s.p.
(Latin, sine prole) meaning "without offspring"
s.p.l.
(Latin, sine prole legitima) meaning "without legitimate offspring"
s.p.m.
(Latin, sine prole mascula) meaning "without male offspring"
s/o
son of
scatt.
scattering, scattered
sec.
second, secretary, section, sector, security
sep.
separated; september
serg.
sergeant
serv.
service, servant
sett.
settlers, settler
sev.
several
sgr.
(French, seigneur) meaning
sh.
share, ship
sic.
(Latin, sic) meaning "thus, as such, in such a manner or as written"
sil
son-in-law
sin.
From the Latin sine meaning without
sis.
sister
sn.
From the Latin sine meaning without
soc.
society, societies
soc.roots.
a Usenet newsgroup for people interested in genealogy
sp.
(Latin, sine prole) meaning "without children"
sp.bl.
special bail
sp.impl.
special imparlance
spell.
spelling, spelled
spf.
(Latin, sine prole femina) meaning "without daughters"
spl.
(Latin, sine prole legitima) meaning "without legitimate issue"
spm.
(Latin, sine prole mascula) meaning "without sons"
spms.
(Latin, sine prole mascula superstite) meaning "without surviving sons"
spr.
sponsor
sps.
(Latin, sine prole superstite) meaning
sr.
senior
srnms.
surnames
st.
saint, street, state
sup.
supply, superior
supt.
superintendant
sur.
surety
surg.
surgeon
sw.
swear; sworn
syl.
syllable

S

S-i-l.
sister in law
S.E.
southeast
Sa
sailor
SAE.
Stamped Addressed Envelope (British)
Sal
saleslady
SAR
Sons of the American Revolution
SASE
self-addressed stamped envelope
Sb
stepbrother
SC.
Superior Court (USA)
Scl
step child
SCV
Sons of Confederate Veterans
SDA
Seventh Day Adventists
SDWA.
Society of the Descendants of Washington's Army at Valley Forge
Se
servant
Sept.
September
SEYM.
South Eastern Yearly Meeting (Quaker)
Sf
stepfather
SGCF.
Societe Genealogique Canadienne francaise
Si
sister
SIMTEL20.
Archival storage area for files
Sl
son-in-law
SLC.
Salt Lake City
Sm
stepmother
SO.
Survivors' Originals
SOG.
Society of Genealogists (British)
SOUNDEX.
A method of translating a name to a one letter code followed by three numerical digits. The aim of the translation is to render all names which sound alike (or sufficiently similar) to the same code.
SOWD.
Special Order War Department (US Civil War)
Ss
stepson
SSDI.
Social Security Death Index (USA)
Su.
superintendant
SUV
Sons of Union Veterans
SUVCW.
Sons of Union Veterans of the Civil War (USA)
SVPAFUG.
Silicaon Valley Personal Ancestral File Users Group
SWA.
Seriously Wounded in Action (military)
SYSOP.
SYStem OPerator a Person that maintains a computer Buletin Board System

T

T.
Township
T.C.
town copy
TAG.
The American Genealogist (quarterly journal published since 1922)
TFE.
The Family Edge computer genealogy program
TIA.
Thanks In Advance
TIB
Temple (Records) Index Bureau, Temple Index Bureau file.
TIFF.
A format to hold image data picture on a computer disk file
TMG.
The Master Genealogist computer genealogy program
TMS.
Tiny Tafels Software genealogy program also Tafel Matching System
Tp.
Township
TRIB
Temple Records Index Bureau
TSR.
A computer program that is run and then Terminated and Stays Resident in the memory of the computer untill the computer is shut down.
TSSF.
Third Order of St. Francis
TT.
Tiny-Tafel
TVA
Tennessee Valley Authority
TVC.
Texas Veterans Commission

t

t.p.
title page
t.p.m.
title page mutilated
t.p.w.
title page wanting
tak.
taken
temp.
temporarily
ten.
tenant
terr.
territory
test.
witness
tho.
though
thot.
thought
thro.
through
tn.
town, township
top.
topographical
tr.
troop, translated, translation
transcr.
transcribed
transfrd.
transferred
transl.
translation
treas.
treasurer
twn.
town
twp.
township
ty.
territory

U

U
uncle
U.K.
United Kingdom
UBCJA.
United Brotherhood of Carpenters & Joiners of America
UCV.
United Confederate Veterans
UDA.
United Daughters of America
UDC
United Daughters of the Confederacy
UFT.
Ultimate Family Tree (software)
USCG
United States Coast Guard
USCT
United States Colored Troops
USGW.
USGenWeb (online collective providing genealogical resources via linked webpages)
USIA.
U.S. Information Agency
USIGS.
United States Internet Genealogical Society
USMC
United States Marine Corps
USN
United States Navy
USV.
United States Volunteers (US Civil War)
USWPA
United States Works Progress Administration

u

uc.
under care of (Quaker)
ult.
(Latin ultimo) meaning "of last month"
un.
unknown
unasgd.
unassigned
unc.
uncle
unit.
uniting, united
unk.
unknown
unm.
unmarried
unorg.
unorganized
upl.
using profane language (Quaker)
ux.
(Latin uxor) wife

v

v.a.
From the Latin vixit annos meaning (s)he lived (a certain number) years
v.r.
vital records
v.s.
vital statistics
var.
various, variation, variant
vf.
(Latin, vita fratris) meaning "in the lifetime of his brother"
vit.
vital
viz.
(Latin, videlicet) meaning "of course, to be sure, clearly, plainly or namely"
vm.
(Latin, vita matris) meaning "in the lifetime of his mother"
vols.
volunteers, volumes
vp.
(Latin, vita patris) meaning
vs.
(Latin, vita sororis) meaning
vz.
(Welsh, verch) meaning "daughter of"

V

V.D.M.
Minister of the word of God
V.L.
Vulgar Latin
VDT.
a computer video display terminal
VFW
Veterans of Foreign Wars
Vi
visitor
VIP
Very Important Person
Vis. or Visc.
Viscount, Viscountess
VRC.
Veteran Reserve Corps (US Civil War)
VVI.
Vermont Volunteer Infantry (US Civil War)

W

W.
wife; week; white(meaning caucasian)
W.B.
Will Book
W.O.
Warrant Officer
W.S.
Writer to the Signet
Wa
warden
WAC.
Women's Army Corp
Wai
waitress
Wkm
workman
WOTW.
Woodmen Of The World
WOW.
Woodmen Of The World
WPA
Works Progress Administration
WRC.
Women's Relief Corps
WRHS
Western Reserve Historical Society
Wt
waiter
WW1.
World War One
WW2.
World War Two

w

w.d.
will dated
w.p.
will probated, will proved, white poll
w/c.
with consent of
w/o
wife of
w/pwr.
with power (Quaker)
wag.
wagoner
wd.
widow, ward
wf.
wife
wf/o
wife of
wh.
who, which
wid.
widow
widr
widower
wit.
witness
wk(s).
week(s)
wnt.
wants
wrkd.
worked
wtn.
witness
ww.
widow
ww/o
widow of
wwr.
widower

X

X
The Greek letter X which is pronounced Kai meaning Christ or Christian, a mark made by a person instead of a signature
Xn.
Christian
Xnty.
Christianity
Xped.
Christened
Xr.
Christian
Xt.
Christ
Xtian.
Christian
Xty.
Christianity

x

x ch.
exchange
x.
married, Christ

y

y.
year; years
yd.
graveyard
yr.
year, younger, your

Y

Ye
the: where y represents the Old English letter thorn which is pronounced th
YM.
yearly meeting (Quaker)
Yt
that: where y represents the Old English letter thorn which is pronounced th

Site Search

Who's Online

We have 37 guests and no members online